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Behaviors Associated with the Diversion of Opioids in a Pediatric Population: A Cross-sectional Study

Matthew C. Shonnard (University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, United States); Steven Kim; Neal Ekpoudia; Wei Yang

Meeting: AAPM&R Annual Assembly 2019

Session Information

Date: Saturday, November 16, 2019

Session Title: Section Info: Annual Assembly Posters (Non Presentations)

Session Time: 11:15am-12:45pm

Location: Research Hub - Kiosk 8

Disclosures: Matthew C. Shonnard: Nothing to disclose

Objective: Inform clinical decision making through a better understanding of behaviors associated with adolescent opioid misuse and opioid diversion.

Design: Cross-sectional study via 2017 Nevada Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

Setting: The survey was administered by trained members of the study team to middle and high school students in their respective classrooms throughout the state of Nevada.

Participants: 5,464 students from 98 high schools and 113 middle schools in the state of Nevada.

Interventions: not applicable

Main Outcome Measures: Physical activity, history of concussion, and violence related behaviors.

Results: Results are preliminary. Initial results show an association of history of concussion and physical activity with adolescent opioid misuse and diversion, but continued data analysis (currently underway) is required. Data was stratified based on age, gender, grade level and ethnicity. Prevalence of opioid misuse and diversion in Nevada State middle school students is 6.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.6-8.0) and high school students is 14.8% (CI 13.2-16.4). Rates of misuse and diversion are higher in females than males (MS 7.9% vs 5.8%; HS 15.1% vs 14.3%) and increased with age and grade level throughout both MS and HS. Opioid misuse and diversion was highest among Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander in MS (12.0%; CI 4.1-19.9) and American Indian/Alaska Native in HS (28.0%; CI 14.5, 41.6). Additional variables used in multivariate analysis: cigarette use, electronic cigarette use, alcohol use, marijuana use, other illicit drug use, and proxies for socioeconomic status.

Conclusions: Preliminary results show that having a concussion and increased physical activity is associated with opioid misuse and diversion. Little is known about pediatric opioid misuse and diversion. These findings help inform the clinical picture surrounding opioids in adolescent pain management.

Level of Evidence: Level IV

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Shonnard MC, Kim S, Ekpoudia N, Yang W. Behaviors Associated with the Diversion of Opioids in a Pediatric Population: A Cross-sectional Study [abstract]. PM R. 2019; 11(S2)(suppl 2). https://pmrjabstracts.org/abstract/behaviors-associated-with-the-diversion-of-opioids-in-a-pediatric-population-a-cross-sectional-study/. Accessed May 25, 2025.
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